Timor-Leste Human Development Unchanged in 2007
As reported by 2009 UNDP Human Development Report

9 October 2009

Timor-Leste nia Dezenvolvimentu Umanu Laiha-Mundasa iha 2007
Reportazen husi UNDP nia Relatoriu Dezenvolvimentu Umanu  2009

9 Outubru 2009

The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) issues a Human Development Report almost every year (they did not publish one in 2008). The edition published on 5 October 2009 is entitled “Overcoming barriers: Human mobility and development.” In addition to the thematic discussion and a wealth of statistical data on health, education, gender, economics and other factors, the UNDP calculates a “Human Development Index” (HDI) for each country. The HDI combines life expectancy, education (literacy and school enrollment) and income to produce a composite measure of human development.

The 2009 report, mostly based on data from 2007, calculated a HDI for Timor-Leste of 0.489, ranking 162nd of 182 countries with data. Except for Afghanistan and 19 countries in Africa, this is the lowest in the world, significantly worse than other impoverished non-African countries, which are Papua New Guinea (148) and Haiti (149). Other than Timor-Leste, the lowest-ranked countries in Asia are Bangladesh (146), Nepal (144), Pakistan (141) and Yemen (140).

Programa Dezenvolvimentu Nasaun Unidus (UNDP) fosai Relatoriu Dezenvolvimentu Umanu kuaze kada tinan (sira la publika iha 2008). Edisaun ida be publika iha 5 Outubru 2009 ho titulu “Hakaat-liu sasatan: Mobilidade Umanu no Dezenvolvimentu.” Adisionalmente ba diskusaun tematiku no data estatistika lubuk ida kona-ba saude, edukasaun, jeneru, ekonomiku no fator seluk-seluk tan, UNDP kalkula “Indeksu Dezenvolvimentu Umanu” (HDI) ida ba kada nasaun. HDI ne'e kombina hahe'in moris (moris naruk), edukasaun (instrusaun no rejistu eskola) no reseita hodi produz sasukat kombinasaun ida husi dezenvolvimentu Umanu.

Relatoriu 2009, barak-liu bazeia ba data husi 2007, kalkula ona HDI ida ba Timor-Leste mak 0.489, iha klasifikasaun 162 husi nasaun 182 ho data. Ekseptu ba Afghanistan no nasaun 19 iha Africa, ida ne'e tuun-liu iha klasifikasaun mundial, aat-liu duke nasaun sira seluk, hanesan Papua New Guinea (148) no Haiti (149). Alein Timor-Leste, nasaun seluk-seluk tan ne'ebe iha klasifikasaun kiik-liu iha Asia mak Bangladesh (146), Nepal (144), Pakistan (141) no Yemen (140).

The HPI-1 measures severe deprivation in health by the proportion of people who are not expected to survive to age 40. Education is measured by the adult illiteracy rate. And a decent standard of living is measured by the unweighted average of people not using an improved water source and the proportion of children under age 5 who are underweight for their age. The next table shows these statistics for Timor-Leste and compares them to other countries.

Sasukat deprivasaun HPI-1 oioin iha saude husi pursentazent ema ne'ebe ekspekta la moris too tinan 40. Edukasaun sukat husi montante adultu sira be lahatene hakerek no lee. Standar moris adekuadu ida sukat husi rata-rata ema isin-diak sira be uza bee diak no pursentazen labarik iha tinan 5 nia okos nebe isin ladiak iha sira-nia idade. Tabela tuir mai hatudu statistika ba Timor-Leste no komparasaun ho nasau seluk-seluk.

Since 2005 (as reported in UNDP's 2007/8 report), Timor-Leste’s human development index has risen slightly, from 0.484 to 0.489, and is slightly above the HDI published  in 2006 (0.488), based on 2004 data. Although UNDP did not publish a Human Development Report in 2008, they issued a Statistical Update 2008 which calculated Human Development Indices based on 2006 data. That Update also discusses some changes in how the index is calculated.

UNDP warns that HDI calculations from past reports should not be compared with the current year, as methodology and data change from year to year. The latest report re-calculates statistics from 2004 and 2005 to make them consistent with 2007. Changes in the results come from revisions in how the World Bank calculates Purchasing Power Parity (PPP US$), which affects the GDP per capita figures, as well as updated information from the UN Population Division on life expectancy. Timor-Leste's data for the last four years is as follows, with numbers in green italics on the lower line of each row showing HDI values before they were recalculated with this year's methodology.

Desde 2005 (hanesa fosai iha UNDP nia relatoriu 2007/8), Timor-Leste nia indeksu dezenvolvimentu umanu sae oitoan, husi 0.484 ba 0.489, no aas liu oitoan HDI publika iha 2006 (0.488), bazeia ba data 2004. Maske UNDP la publika Relatoriu Dezenvolvimentu Umanu iha 2008, sira fosai Statistika Atualizada 2008 ida ne'ebe kalkula Indezes Dezenvolvimentu Umanu bazeia ba data 2006. Atualizasaun ne'e mos diskute mudansa balun ba oinsa kalkula indeksu.

UNDP informa katak kalkulasaun HDI husi relatoriu pasadu la bele kompara ho tinan agora daudaun, hanesan metodolojia no data muda kada tinan. Relatoriu ikus kalkula fali statistika husi 2004 no 2005 hodi halo sira konsistente ho 2007. Mudansa iha resultadu mai husi revizaun iha Banku Mundial nia kalkula Kbiit Sosa Paridade (PPP US$), ne'ebe afeta figura GDP kada kapita, nomos atualiza informasaun husi Divisaun Populasaun UNO kona-ba hahe'in moris. Timor-Leste nia data ba tinan haat ikus ne'e hanesan tuirmai, ho numenru iha kor matak hatudu valor HDI molok sira rekalkula ho tinan ne'e nia metodolojia.

HDR 2006
(2004 data)

158. (0.488)
142 (0.512)

56.0

58.6

72.0%

..

0.520

0.630

0.390

20

HDR 2007-8
(2005 data)

162. (0.484)
150.(0.514)

59.7

59.7

50.1

50.1

72.0%

$768

..

0.578

0.574

0.390

16

162. (0.484)
158. (0.483)

60.2

50.1

63.2

$686
$668

0.586

0.545

0.317

14

HDR 2009
(2007 data)

162. (0.489)

60.7

50.1

63.2%

$717

0.595

0.545

0.329

11

These statistics related to Timor-Leste are from the 2009 Human Development Report, together with data from previous reports when available. Comparisons across years are not reliable, as noted above